Reading 2 · Reading consonants
a/ă/â, o/ô/ơ and u/ư are different vowel letters. Distinguish letter-shape marks from tone marks. đ differs from d. Learn spelling together with the sound.
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Examples
Find a form in the table, then spot it in an example word. Try reading, listen, and read again with the hint covered.
| Written form | Reading hint |
|---|---|
| ph → phở | /f/ |
| nh → nhà | /ɲ/ |
| ng → ngủ | /ŋ/ |
| ngh → nghề | /ŋ/ |
| ch → chợ | /tɕ/ |
| th → thỏ | /tʰ/ |
| kh → kho | /x/ |
Hints are aids. Slashes enclose IPA; other Latin text is a reading guide for that language. Spelling does not predict every detail of speech.
New examples use the matching device voice. Listening may be unavailable without it. Synthetic speech is a reference; native-speaker review is pending.
phở
phở
Look for: ph
nhà
nhà
Look for: nh
ngủ
ngủ
Look for: ng
nghề
nghề
Look for: ngh
chợ
chợ
Look for: ch
trà
trà
Look for: tr
Pronunciation guides are approximate. Listen to the sounds.
Read without the hint
Read the original first, then open it to check the hint and meaning.
phở
phở
Look for: ph
nhà
nhà
Look for: nh
ngủ
ngủ
Look for: ng
nghề
nghề
Look for: ngh
chợ
chợ
Look for: ch
trà
trà
Look for: tr
Your turn
phở
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Review
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